How are runway numbers determined?

Runway numbers are determined based on the magnetic direction that the runway is oriented in, rounded to the nearest 10 degrees. For instance, if a runway is aligned approximately 90 degrees on the compass, it will be designated as Runway 9. This numbering system allows pilots to quickly identify the orientation and approach of a runway. Additionally, it helps in navigation and communication with air traffic control, facilitating safe operations at airports.

The other options do not accurately reflect how runway numbers are assigned. Geographical location does not influence runway numbers since the numbering is based on magnetic headings. While runway length is an important factor for safety and operational considerations, it does not play a role in how runway numbers are assigned. The type of aircraft that typically uses a runway is also irrelevant to the numbering system; runway designations are uniformly applied regardless of the specific aircraft types.